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Carroll’s side emphasized the jury’s unanimous findings after hearing testimony, including from Carroll herself, who described the alleged encounter in detail.
They argue the civil standard of proof — preponderance of evidence rather than beyond reasonable doubt — allowed the case to proceed on thin grounds, amplified by media coverage hostile to the former and current president.
Monday’s denial means Carroll can seek to enforce the $5 million judgment, though stays and bonds have delayed collection in related proceedings.
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